lautnusantara.com Waste is often left unused, as is the case with fish scale waste. Fish scales are frequently discarded because they are considered non-recyclable and have no apparent benefits. However, fish scale waste, which is often deemed useless, actually has many advantages in the beauty industry.

Scales are the outermost layer of the skin, serving as a barrier that prevents foreign substances from entering the fish’s body. Fish scales vary widely in shape, size, and arrangement. Generally, they are classified into cosmoid, ganoid, placoid, and elasmoid (cycloid and ctenoid), which are commonly found in teleost fish. Fish scales contain collagen and chitosan, two substances that provide significant benefits for skin health. The collagen layer in fish scales is rigid due to mineralization, resulting in low flexibility.

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Some Uses of Fish Scale Waste:

1. Collagen Base for Skincare

Fish scales contain collagen, a protein essential for maintaining skin elasticity and moisture. Collagen is a fibrous protein that provides strength and flexibility to tissues and bones and plays a vital role in other tissues, including skin and tendons. It is the primary protein that makes up the extracellular matrix components. Collagen consists of a triple helix structure with three polypeptide chains, containing two types of amino acid derivatives that are not directly incorporated during translation.

Collagen from fish scales can be processed into:

• Serums and face creams to reduce wrinkles and accelerate skin regeneration.
• Sheet masks that help keep the skin hydrated and glowing.

2. Gelatin Production for Cosmetics

Gelatin is a protein substance obtained through the partial hydrolysis of collagen, making collagen-rich tissues a common source of gelatin. Gelatin is a transparent, colorless, brittle (when dry), tasteless, edible, and multifunctional natural protein extracted through thermal hydrolysis of collagen found in bones, skin, and connective tissues of various animals, including fish.

Fish scales from fish processing industries can be utilized as an alternative source of gelatin that is safe and halal. Collagen in fish bones, skin, and scales can be converted into gelatin through acid or alkaline treatment and extraction methods.

Fish scale gelatin is used in:

• Lipsticks and lip balms to provide a smooth texture and maintain lip moisture.
• Face masks that help tighten the skin.

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3. Processing into Synthetic Pearls for Makeup Products

Fish scales contain guanine, a compound that creates a shimmering effect. Synthetic pearl formation is achieved by extracting collagen and then shaping it into synthetic pearls through precipitation or drying.

This processed synthetic pearl is used in:

• Eyeshadows and highlighters for a natural shimmer effect
• Nail polish for a glossy finish.

4. Hair Care Products

Collagen and proteins from fish scales can help repair hair damage caused by improper hair care products.

Collagen is commonly used in:

• Shampoos and conditioners to repair damaged hair.
• Hair serums to enhance the natural shine of hair.

Utilizing fish scale waste for cosmetics promotes sustainability while offering natural and effective skincare and beauty solutions.

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