lautnusantara.com_When we gaze out at the ocean, our eyes naturally perceive the seawater as blue. This striking color often raises a common question: why is the ocean blue?

According to the Great Dictionary of the Indonesian Language (KBBI), the sea can be defined as a vast and extensive collection of salty water that covers and separates continents or islands. With its enormous surface area, oceans are easily found across many regions of the world, including Indonesia and beyond. The sea is also one of nature’s most breathtaking sights.

One of the most mesmerizing aspects of the ocean is its shimmering blue color, especially when sunlight reflects off its surface on a bright day. As part of the natural world, this phenomenon has a clear scientific explanation closely related to the behavior of sunlight.

• What Is the Actual Color of Seawater?

Before understanding why the ocean appears blue, it is important to know the true color of seawater. In everyday life, water is generally known to be clear or transparent. Its color only changes when it mixes with other substances.

For example, clear water turns brown when tea is added, laundry water becomes cloudy after soaking dirty clothes, and bathwater can appear murky due to sediment. Similarly, seawater is actually colorless and transparent.

As cited in the book “Aku Ingin Tahu Sains 20 – Air dan Hidrosfer” by Wong Comic, seawater is not naturally blue but clear, just like water in general. This is because pure water has no color, no odor, does not foam, and appears transparent or clear. Since seawater itself is clear, there must be a scientific reason why it appears blue to our eyes.

• Why Does the Ocean Look Blue?

Scientifically, the blue color of the ocean is closely related to light waves. According to the book “Hello Kids: Yuk, Cari Tahu Mengapa” by Palasara Kira Seta, the ocean appears blue because of sunlight, which contains light waves of various wavelengths.

When sunlight enters Earth’s atmosphere, its light waves scatter and spread out. Sunlight itself is white, meaning it is a combination of all visible colors. However, shorter wavelengths—especially blue—are scattered more easily than other colors.

The wavelength of blue light closely matches the scattered light in the atmosphere and water. As a result, blue light is reflected and scattered more prominently, making the ocean appear blue even though the water itself is clear.

• The Process Behind the Blue Color of the Ocean

So how exactly does this blue color form?

Based on the book “Tahukah Kalian?: Ragam Pengetahuan yang Wajib Diketahui” by Amalina Asrari, the blue appearance of the ocean occurs due to the reflection and scattering of sunlight as it passes through Earth’s atmosphere and interacts with seawater.

This process is similar to light passing through a prism. When light enters a prism, it refracts and splits into various colors such as red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, and violet. In the case of the ocean, blue wavelengths dominate the scattered light, causing the sea to appear blue to the human eye.

This phenomenon also explains why water in bathtubs or swimming pools can sometimes appear blue or green, even though the water itself is clear.

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